Studies on religious discrimination have largely focused on the nature, causes, and dynamics of repression, highlighting that threat perceptions and the interplay between religious ideology and rational calculation serve as predictors of state discrimination against religious minorities. However, research regarding how the dynamic interaction between repression and counter-resistance shapes the contestation between the government and minority groups remains limited. This article examines this issue through a case study of a small-scale indigenous religious group in culturally diverse Indonesia. Drawing on civic space theory, the article underscores the importance of adaptation strategies in resisting state-sponsored discrimination and asserting civic space. It explores complex micro-level dynamics while offering new insights into the interaction between repression and counter-resistance within the context of religious freedom.
Department of Political Science
Faculty of Social and Political Sciences
Universitas Indonesia
Building B, 2nd Floor, FISIP UI Campus
Depok 14624
